Pseudomembranous Candidiasis — NDEB AFK MCQ

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EasyOral PathologyPseudomembranous CandidiasisNDEB AFK

A patient presents with bilateral white plaques on the buccal mucosa that are wiped away with gauze, leaving an erythematous base. KOH preparation shows pseudohyphae. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: C — Pseudomembranous candidiasis (thrush)

Pseudomembranous candidiasis (thrush) presents as white to yellowish, creamy plaques that can be wiped away with gauze, leaving a raw, erythematous, sometimes bleeding base. KOH preparation or cytological smear showing pseudohyphae and yeast forms of Candida confirms the diagnosis. It is most common in immunocompromised patients, denture wearers, patients on inhaled corticosteroids, and those on prolonged antibiotic therapy. First-line treatment in immunocompetent patients is topical nystatin.

Reference: Neville – Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, 4th ed., 2016