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Periapical Cemental Dysplasia — NDEB AFK MCQ

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HardRadiology & ImagingPeriapical Cemental DysplasiaNDEB AFK

On a periapical radiograph, a well-defined radiolucency is seen at the apex of a vital mandibular premolar. There is a thin radiopaque border. The tooth has no caries and responds normally to vitality testing. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: A — Periapical cemental dysplasia (early stage)

Periapical cemental dysplasia (periapical osseous dysplasia) in its early (osteolytic) stage presents as a well-defined periapical radiolucency that mimics a periapical granuloma or cyst. The key distinguishing feature is that the affected teeth are vital. It is most common in middle-aged Black women and typically affects mandibular anterior teeth. No treatment is needed; biopsy is contraindicated as it may cause osteomyelitis in avascular tissue.

Reference: Neville – Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, 4th ed., 2016