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Acetazolamide CA PCT — FRCA Primary MCQ

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HardPhysiology - RenalAcetazolamide CA PCTFRCA Primary

A patient with metabolic alkalosis receives acetazolamide. Which immediate renal change most directly produces its bicarbonaturic effect?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

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Correct answer: AReduced hydrogen-ion secretion and bicarbonate recovery in the proximal tubule

The best answer is “Reduced hydrogen-ion secretion and bicarbonate recovery in the proximal tubule”. Carbonic anhydrase inhibition in the proximal tubule impairs intracellular H+ generation and luminal H+ secretion, reducing reclamation of filtered bicarbonate and causing alkaline urine with metabolic acidosis. NKCC2, NCC and ENaC are targets of loop, thiazide and potassium-sparing diuretics respectively. Acetazolamide does not act principally by reducing GFR.

Reference: RCoA, Primary FRCA syllabus: https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/sites/default/files/documents/2026-01/Primary-FRCA-Syllabus.pdf; Diuretics and the kidney: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9125415/