Nitroprusside Nitric Oxide — FRCA Primary MCQ
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Correct answer: E — Nitric oxide
Sodium nitroprusside is metabolised to release nitric oxide (NO) which activates guanylate cyclase increasing intracellular cGMP in vascular smooth muscle causing relaxation. It is a potent arteriolar and venous dilator. Cyanide is also released and can accumulate causing toxicity (metabolic acidosis / tachyphylaxis / arrhythmias).
Reference: Peck Hill Williams 2014 Pharmacology for Anaesthesia and Intensive Care