Midazolam Ring Opening — FRCA Primary MCQ
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Correct answer: C — Protonation at acidic pH favours an open-ring, water-soluble form; deprotonation at physiological pH favours a closed-ring, lipid-soluble form
Explanation lettering: D = shown as A · C = shown as B · A = shown as C · B = shown as D
A is correct. Midazolam is an imidazobenzodiazepine with a pKa of approximately 6.1. In the acidic injection formulation, protonation promotes reversible opening of the ring and formation of a water-soluble species. After injection, the higher physiological pH causes deprotonation and ring closure, producing a predominantly unionised, lipid-soluble molecule that rapidly crosses the blood–brain barrier. Option B reverses the ring states and is the key plausible distractor. Option C incorrectly assigns lipid solubility to the protonated open-ring form. Option D neglects the pH-dependent ring closure, while option E incorrectly attributes the solubility transition to protein binding rather than molecular ionisation and ring configuration.
Reference: Royal College of Anaesthetists. Guide to the FRCA Examination: The Primary, fourth edition, MCQ answer 11e, p.107, 2013. https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/sites/default/files/documents/2025-08/RCoAPrimaryGuide2013%20FOR%20WEBSITE.pdf