EMLA Cream Composition — FRCA Primary MCQ
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Correct answer: C — Lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%
EMLA cream contains lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%, making a total local-anaesthetic concentration of 5%. The UK SmPC specifies 25 mg of each drug per gram of cream. Combining the two amide local anaesthetics produces a eutectic mixture with a lower melting point than either constituent alone, permitting formulation as an oil-in-water cream and facilitating dermal delivery. The product name “EMLA Cream 5%” refers to the combined concentration and should not be mistaken for lidocaine 5% or prilocaine 5% alone. Bupivacaine and ropivacaine are not constituents of EMLA cream.
Reference: Aspen Pharma Trading Limited. EMLA Cream 5% Summary of Product Characteristics, section 2: Qualitative and quantitative composition. Revised 2026. https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/7994/smpc