Optimal Bone Type Implants — ORE Part 1 MCQ
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Correct answer: C — Type II bone (thick cortical bone with dense trabecular core)
Type II bone is optimal for dental implants because it combines adequate cortical thickness for initial stability with a dense trabecular core for load distribution and osseointegration. Evidence shows Type II and III bone predominate in clinical practice (>85%) with superior outcomes. Type I bone, though very dense cortically, is rare and carries risk of excessive stress concentration. Type III lacks adequate cortical thickness. Type IV bone (thin cortex, sparse trabecular core) demonstrates significantly reduced implant survival and fixation. All bone types are not equally suitable: bone quality is a critical determinant of primary stability, osseointegration speed, and long-term implant success.
Reference: Lekholm & Zarb (1985) classification system as validated in Chrcanovic BR et al. (2012) 'Bone tissue microarchitectural characteristics at dental implant sites part 2: correlation with bone classification and primary stability', Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 27:1178–1189. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23106552/