Complete Denture Retention — ORE Part 1 MCQ

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ModerateProsthodonticsComplete Denture RetentionORE Part 1

A patient presents with a complaint that their lower complete denture is loose. On examination, there is significant alveolar ridge resorption. The denture appears well-made with satisfactory extensions and a good occlusion. What is the most likely primary cause of the poor retention?

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Correct answer: E — Reduced support from resorbed alveolar ridge

Explanation lettering: C = shown as A · D = shown as C · E = shown as D · A = shown as E

When a well-fabricated complete denture with good extensions and satisfactory occlusion loses retention, the problem lies in the denture-supporting tissues, not the prosthesis itself. Significant alveolar ridge resorption reduces the denture-bearing surface area, directly compromising the mechanical forces (primarily interfacial tension and atmospheric pressure) that create retention. The smaller supporting area cannot develop the same level of retention regardless of denture quality. Options B and E are excluded because the denture is well-made. Option C is excluded because occlusion is satisfactory. Option D (frenal attachments) affects denture stability and border seal but would be managed in a properly fabricated denture. The answer is A.

Reference: Alveolar ridge resorption and mandibular atrophy: A review of the role of local and systemic factors. Journal of Prosthodontic Research, 1991; and Pain-related analysis on a resorbed ridge with various denture occlusal schemes using finite element method. Journal of Prosthodontics, 2024. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262769/