Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis — SCE Infectious Diseases MCQ
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Correct answer: B — IV Vancomycin for ≥6 weeks plus oral Rifampicin for ≥6 weeks plus IV Gentamicin for the first 2 weeks
Early prosthetic valve endocarditis (<12 months post-surgery) with methicillin-resistant CoNS (S. epidermidis) requires triple therapy per ESC 2023 guidelines: IV Vancomycin (backbone, ≥6 weeks) plus oral Rifampicin (anti-biofilm, ≥6 weeks, started after blood cultures are sterile) plus IV Gentamicin (synergy, first 2 weeks only). The minimum treatment duration is 6 weeks from the first negative blood culture or from the date of valve surgery if re-operation is performed. Rifampicin must never be used as monotherapy.
Reference: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/conditions-and-diseases/infections