Bariatric Surgery CV Outcomes — EECC MCQ
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Correct answer: D — The Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study showed bariatric surgery reduced cardiovascular events by 30% and total mortality by 29% compared with conventional weight management over 15 years — additional benefits include reduced T2DM incidence, improved BP, lipids, and AF burden
The SOS (Swedish Obese Subjects) study — a prospective controlled trial with 20+ years follow-up — provided the strongest evidence for CV benefit of bariatric surgery: 30% reduction in cardiovascular events (MI, stroke) and 29% reduction in total mortality compared with matched controls receiving conventional weight management. Additional CV benefits: (1) 75% reduction in T2DM incidence (STAMPEDE trial confirmed diabetes remission with surgery); (2) significant BP reduction (10-15 mmHg SBP in many patients, often allowing medication withdrawal); (3) improved lipid profile; (4) reduced AF burden (LEGACY and OBES-AF studies); (5) reduced HF risk. The ESC 2021 Prevention Guidelines acknowledge bariatric surgery as an effective intervention for CV risk reduction in morbid obesity (BMI ≥40, or ≥35 with comorbidities).
Reference: ESC (2021): CVD Prevention; SOS Study