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Knowledge Centre / Thyroid Eye Disease

Thyroid Eye Disease

Management of Graves' Ophthalmopathy.

Reviewed by Dr Kola Tytler MBBS CertHE MBA MRCGP (General Practitioner)
Last reviewed: 21 October 2025
OphthalmologyEndocrinology

Clinical Guidelines

NICE guideline [NG145]: Thyroid disease: assessment and management
National
NICE Interventional Procedures Guidance [IPG148]: Retrobulbar irradiation for thyroid eye disease
National
2021 European Group on Graves' Orbitopathy (EUGOGO) Clinical Practice Guideline
Local
Management of Thyroid Eye Disease: A Consensus Statement by the American Thyroid Association and the European Thyroid Association
Local
Management of Thyroid Eye Disease: A Consensus Statement by the American Thyroid Association and the European Thyroid Association
Local
Management of Thyroid Eye Disease: A Consensus Statement by the American Thyroid Association and the European Thyroid Association
Local
Management of Thyroid Eye Disease: A Consensus Statement by the American Thyroid Association and the European Thyroid Association
Local

Recent iatroX Q&As

  • How should I assess the severity of Thyroid Eye Disease in a patient presenting with ocular symptoms?Updated: 8/22/2025
  • What are the current guidelines for the management of moderate to severe Graves' Ophthalmopathy in primary care?Updated: 8/22/2025
  • When should I consider referring a patient with Thyroid Eye Disease to an ophthalmologist or endocrinologist?Updated: 8/22/2025
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