Electrolyte Disorders

Overview of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphate imbalances.

Reviewed by Dr Kola Tytler MBBS CertHE MBA MSt MRCGP (General Practitioner)

Last reviewed: 21 October 2025

NephrologyEndocrinologyCritical Care

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Clinical Guidelines

BNF: Fluids and electrolytes

CKS: Hyponatraemia

International expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of acid–base, fluid and electrolyte disorders

International Renal Interest Society best practice consensus guidelines for intermittent hemodialysis in dogs and cats

KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury

KDOQI Clinical Practice Guideline for Nutrition in CKD: 2020 Update