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MediumEndocrinologyHyperosmolar hyperglycaemic stateca-mccqe1ca-rcpsc-imca-rcpsc-em

A 75-year-old woman with long-standing hypertension and diabetes presents with confusion and marked hyperglycaemia. Capillary glucose is 42 mmol/L, serum osmolality is 328 mOsm/kg, pH is 7.36, and ketones are minimal. What is the cornerstone of initial management for this condition?

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