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MediumRespiratoryChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseau-amcau-racgpau-racp

A 70-year-old man with a history of smoking presents with chronic productive cough. Spirometry shows FEV1/FVC 0.55 and FEV1 45% predicted. He uses a short-acting beta agonist as needed. According to COPD-X, what is the most appropriate next-step pharmacological therapy?

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