针对‘司美格鲁肽（Semaglutide）在非肥胖人群中预防心血管疾病’的最新研究进展，请列出 2025 年以后发表的顶级医学证据（如 NEJM），并指出目前的

As of the latest data available, there are no published research findings after the year 2025 specifically addressing the use of semaglutide in preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD) in non-obese populations in top-tier journals such as the New England Journal of Medicine. Current UK clinical guidelines and systematic reviews primarily focus on glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), including semaglutide, in populations with type 2 diabetes and often those with obesity due to the associated cardiovascular risk profile. The cardiovascular benefits of GLP-1 RAs like semaglutide have been established mostly in obese or overweight patients with type 2 diabetes, demonstrating reductions in major adverse cardiovascular events in these populations.

The academic consensus supports the use of GLP-1 RAs in people with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease or at high cardiovascular risk, but evidence for cardiovascular prevention in non-obese individuals without diabetes remains limited and controversial. This includes unresolved questions about whether semaglutide's benefits extend to non-obese, normoglycaemic populations at risk solely based on cardiovascular factors.

Thus, while semaglutide has recognized cardiovascular benefits in diabetic and often obese populations, robust evidence for its preventive use in non-obese individuals without diabetes is lacking, and no definitive consensus or guidelines endorse its use in this group. Ongoing trials may clarify whether these benefits can be generalized, but current guidance prioritizes other interventions such as SGLT-2 inhibitors for cardiovascular risk reduction in type 2 diabetes.