What are the key indications for performing a skin biopsy in primary care?

Guideline-aligned answer with reasoning, red flags and references. Clinically reviewed by Dr Kola Tytler MBBS CertHE MBA MRCGP.

Posted: 22 August 2025Updated: 22 August 2025 Guideline-Aligned (High Confidence) Clinically Reviewed
Dr Kola Tytler MBBS CertHE MBA MRCGPClinical Lead • iatroX

Key indications for performing a skin biopsy in primary care include:

  • Suspicion of melanoma or other skin cancers, particularly when a lesion shows asymmetry, border irregularity, colour variation, diameter enlargement, or evolving characteristics, warranting histological confirmation .
  • Uncertain diagnosis of atypical or persistent skin lesions that do not respond to initial treatment or have unusual features, to establish a definitive diagnosis and guide management .
  • Lesions suspected to be inflammatory or infectious dermatoses where clinical examination alone is insufficient to differentiate between conditions, and biopsy can clarify diagnosis .
  • Evaluation of chronic or progressive skin conditions where malignancy or other serious pathology cannot be excluded clinically, necessitating tissue diagnosis .
  • When referral to secondary care is delayed or not immediately available, performing a biopsy in primary care can expedite diagnosis and treatment decisions .

Overall, the decision to biopsy in primary care should be guided by clinical suspicion of malignancy, diagnostic uncertainty, and the potential impact on patient management, balancing the need for timely diagnosis with procedural expertise and resources .

Educational content only. Always verify information and use clinical judgement.