What criteria should I use to refer a patient with tinnitus for specialist evaluation?

Guideline-aligned answer with reasoning, red flags and references. Clinically reviewed by Dr Kola Tytler MBBS CertHE MBA MRCGP.

Posted: 22 August 2025Updated: 22 August 2025 Guideline-Aligned (High Confidence) Clinically Reviewed
Dr Kola Tytler MBBS CertHE MBA MRCGPClinical Lead • iatroX

Criteria for referring a patient with tinnitus for specialist evaluation include:

  • Tinnitus that persists and bothers the patient despite receiving initial tinnitus support at first contact with a healthcare professional.
  • Persistent objective tinnitus (tinnitus noise detectable by an examiner).
  • Tinnitus associated with unilateral or asymmetric hearing loss.
  • Persistent pulsatile tinnitus.
  • Persistent unilateral tinnitus.
  • Tinnitus with sudden onset or rapidly worsening hearing loss (developed suddenly within 30 days or worsening over 4 to 90 days) should be referred urgently in line with hearing loss guidelines.
  • Tinnitus associated with sudden onset of significant neurological symptoms or signs (e.g., facial weakness), acute uncontrolled vestibular symptoms (e.g., vertigo), or suspected stroke requires immediate referral.
  • Tinnitus with hearing loss that developed suddenly (within 3 days or less) in the past 30 days should be referred to be seen within 24 hours.
  • Tinnitus causing distress affecting mental wellbeing that prevents usual daily activities, even after initial tinnitus support, should be referred within 2 weeks.
  • Immediate referral to crisis mental health services is required if tinnitus is associated with a high risk of suicide.

These referrals should be made in line with local pathways and relevant NICE guidelines on tinnitus and hearing loss.

References: ,

Educational content only. Always verify information and use clinical judgement.