What counselling should be provided to patients starting PrEP regarding adherence and potential side effects?

Counselling for patients starting PrEP should include clear information on the importance of strict medication adherence to ensure maximum effectiveness in preventing HIV infection. Patients should be advised that PrEP is most effective when taken daily as prescribed or according to the event-based dosing schedule if applicable.

Healthcare professionals should provide tailored education on the potential side effects of PrEP, which are generally mild but can include gastrointestinal symptoms and possible impacts on kidney function. Patients should be informed about the need for regular monitoring, including kidney function tests, to detect any adverse effects early.

Support should be offered to help patients maximise adherence, addressing any barriers specific to PrEP use, and reinforcing the importance of attending follow-up appointments every 3 months for HIV testing and STI screening. This includes providing behavioural support and condom provision as PrEP does not protect against other sexually transmitted infections.

Patients should also be counselled that PrEP is solely for HIV prevention and does not replace the use of barrier methods to prevent other STIs. Open communication about sexual health and risk reduction strategies should be encouraged.