What are the key components of a diabetic foot assessment in primary care?

Guideline-aligned answer with reasoning, red flags and references. Clinically reviewed by Dr Kola Tytler MBBS CertHE MBA MRCGP.

Posted: 22 August 2025 Guideline-Aligned (High Confidence) Clinically Reviewed
Dr Kola Tytler MBBS CertHE MBA MRCGPClinical Lead • iatroX

Examine both feet by removing shoes, socks, bandages, and dressings. Look for evidence of neuropathy, limb ischaemia, ulceration, callus, infection and/or inflammation, deformity, gangrene, and Charcot arthropathy .

Assess for neuropathy using a 10 g monofilament as part of sensory examination.

Use ankle brachial pressure index (ABPI) to evaluate limb ischaemia, interpreting results carefully in people with diabetes due to possible calcification of arteries .

Identify risk factors such as deformity, neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease, previous ulceration or amputation, and other conditions to stratify risk levels (low, moderate, high) .

Provide oral and written information about foot care, emergencies, footwear, wound care, and the importance of blood glucose control .

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Educational content only. Always verify information and use clinical judgement.