When should I consider referring a child with recurrent UTIs to a specialist?

Consider referring a child with recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) to a paediatric specialist if:

• The child has recurrent UTIs or abnormal imaging results. Referral is recommended for further assessment by a paediatric specialist in these cases.
• Babies under 3 months with suspected UTI should be immediately referred to a paediatric specialist.
• Children over 3 months with upper UTI may be considered for referral to a paediatric specialist.
• If imaging shows bilateral renal abnormalities, impaired kidney function, raised blood pressure, or proteinuria, specialist monitoring and management by a paediatric nephrologist is advised.
• Recurrent UTI in babies younger than 6 months or children under 3 years warrants imaging and specialist assessment.

These recommendations ensure appropriate specialist evaluation to manage potential complications and underlying abnormalities associated with recurrent UTIs in children.

References: NICE NG224