What lifestyle modifications should I advise for patients with chronic musculoskeletal conditions?

For patients with chronic musculoskeletal conditions, advise the following lifestyle modifications:

• Encourage regular physical activity and exercise programmes tailored to the individual's abilities and preferences to improve general fitness, joint flexibility, muscle strength, and manage functional impairments. Specialist physiotherapy access is recommended for this purpose ⁴,².
• Support weight management especially if the patient is overweight or obese, as weight loss can reduce symptoms and improve function ¹.
• Promote a balanced diet following healthy eating guidelines to support overall health and symptom management ¹.
• Advise on modifying fluid and caffeine intake if urinary symptoms are present, as this can help with associated symptoms in pelvic floor dysfunction, which may coexist with musculoskeletal issues ¹.
• Encourage participation in supervised exercise such as yoga which may help with symptoms and improve physical activity levels ¹.
• Provide access to multidisciplinary support including occupational therapy for difficulties with daily activities and hand function, and podiatry for foot problems, to maintain independence and function ⁴.
• Discuss and agree on individual goals, priorities, and preferred treatment approaches to tailor lifestyle advice and support adherence ².