What are the key clinical features that suggest a diagnosis of adenomyosis in a patient presenting with pelvic pain?

Guideline-aligned answer with reasoning, red flags and references. Clinically reviewed by Dr Kola Tytler MBBS CertHE MBA MRCGP.

Posted: 16 August 2025Updated: 16 August 2025 Guideline-Aligned (High Confidence) Clinically Reviewed
Dr Kola Tytler MBBS CertHE MBA MRCGPClinical Lead • iatroX

When a patient presents with pelvic pain, key clinical features that may suggest a diagnosis of adenomyosis include:

  • Dysmenorrhoea: This refers to painful periods, which is a very common and often severe symptom of adenomyosis .
  • Chronic Pelvic Pain: Persistent pelvic pain, which may not be limited to menstruation, is another significant indicator . This can overlap with symptoms seen in conditions like endometriosis .
  • Heavy Menstrual Bleeding (HMB): While the query focuses on pain, HMB is a hallmark symptom of adenomyosis and frequently co-occurs with pelvic pain . NICE guidelines provide assessment and management strategies for HMB .
  • Dyspareunia: Painful sexual intercourse can also be a presenting symptom in patients with adenomyosis .

These symptoms arise from the presence of endometrial tissue within the muscular wall of the uterus (myometrium) .

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