Explain the diagnosis, risk factors for progression, and the importance of a healthy diet and physical activity to your patients. NICE NG115
Advise and support smoking cessation at every opportunity, including offering nicotine replacement therapy, varenicline, or bupropion as appropriate, with tailored support programs. NICE NG115
Discuss the benefits of vaccinations, including pneumococcal and annual influenza vaccines. NICE NG115
Develop a personalized self-management plan in collaboration with the patient, covering education on COPD symptoms, non-pharmacological measures (such as diet, physical activity, pulmonary rehabilitation, smoking cessation, and avoidance of passive smoking), and the importance of medication adherence and inhaler technique. NICE NG115
Review and adjust treatment based on symptoms and exacerbations, considering additional therapies like roflumilast or long-term antibiotics if indicated. NICE CKS
Provide an exacerbation action plan, including when to use short courses of oral corticosteroids and antibiotics, and when to contact healthcare professionals. NICE NG115
Offer pulmonary rehabilitation to suitable patients, emphasizing its benefits and the need for commitment. NICE NG115
Discuss the importance of vaccinations, including pneumococcal and annual influenza vaccines. NICE NG115
Assess and manage comorbidities, including mental health and nutritional issues, and refer to specialists as needed. NICE NG115
Address travel and activity considerations, including pre-flight assessments and advice on scuba diving restrictions. NICE CKS