management of CKD

The management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) involves regular follow-up in primary care, with the frequency depending on clinical judgement ¹.

Assess and manage risk factors and comorbidities, including underlying causes of CKD and potential reversible causes, and treat accordingly ¹.

Monitor for disease progression, considering the person's stage of CKD, risk factors, and clinical judgement ¹.

Manage lifestyle risk factors such as encouraging exercise, achieving a healthy weight, and smoking cessation ¹.

Offer dietary advice tailored to CKD severity, including potassium, phosphate, calorie, and salt intake, with supervision to prevent malnutrition ¹.

Do not offer low-protein diets (less than 0.6 to 0.8 g/kg/day) to adults with CKD ¹.

Provide education and support for self-management, including information about blood pressure, smoking cessation, diet, and medicines, and enable access to medical data through systems like Renal PatientView ¹.

Arrange regular follow-up, with the frequency depending on CKD stage and risk factors ¹.

Assess for and manage risk factors for CKD progression, including hypertension, and treat with ACE inhibitors or ARBs if ACR is over 30 mg/mmol ¹.

Set blood pressure targets based on ACR and CKD stage, aiming for below 140/90 mmHg if ACR is less than 70 mg/mmol, or below 130/80 mmHg if ACR is 70 mg/mmol or more ¹.

Offer immunizations for influenza and pneumococcal disease to reduce infection risk ¹.